| Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology, and Life Sciences, Vol. 26, Iss. 4, Oct, 2022, pp. 441-463 @2022 Society for Chaos Theory in Psychology & Life Sciences The Influence of Spatial Effects on the Dynamics of Solutions in Keynes Mathematical Model of the Business Cycle Abstract: We consider the special case of the mathematical model of Keynes' business cycle with the spatial interaction.
In this model we assume that macroeconomic factors affect a certain geographical region and economic indicators.
The dependence occurs on the spatial (geographical) coordinates in addition to the dependence on the temporal evolution,
even if the economic subject is externally homogeneous in space. Spatial interaction led us to analyze a system of two differential equations
of the reaction-diffusion type, which replaces a system of two ordinary differential equations. This method is often used to analyze
the dynamics of complex nonlinear systems and macroeconomic entities. An analysis of such a mathematical model is based on the use of
modern methods of the theory of dynamical systems indicate the presence of new nonlinear effects in addition to those used in the
traditional version of the Keynes model. We encountered the loss of stability of the homogeneous economic equilibrium state and the
occurrence of economic cycles for some values of the parameters while investigating the characteristics of such a system. Meanwhile,
another version of instability of a homogeneous economic equilibrium state with a different choice of parameters occurs, which in many cases
leads to the appearance of a spatially non-homogeneous equilibrium state, which is characterized by the dependence of the corresponding economic indicators
on the spatial (geographical) coordinates of the area in which the assigned macroeconomic entity is located. Keywords: economics, Keynes's model, periodic solutions, stability, bifurcations, homogeneous, nonhomogeneous equilibrium states |